资产评估执业人员自律守则
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资产评估执业人员自律守则
资产评估执业人员自律守则
1995年4月12日，国家国有资产管理局
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了使资产评估执业人员更好地履行职责，坚持资产评估的客观公正性，保证资产评估质量，根据《中国资产评估协会章程》，制定资产评估执业人员自律守则。
第二条 资产评估执业人员自律守则，是指资产评估执业人员在资产评估业务活动中应当遵循的行为规范。
资产评估执业人员，是指专职在一家资产评估机构从事资产评估业务的人员。
资产评估机构，是指获得中央或省级国有资产管理行政主管部门授予资产评估资格证书的社会公正性中介机构。
第三条 本守则对资产评估执业人员和协助执行资产评估业务的其它人员具有同等约束力。
第二章 基本要求
第四条 资产评估执业人员在执行业务中应严格遵守国家有关法律、法规，执行国家有关政策，坚持独立、客观、公正的原则。
第五条 资产评估执业人员在承接业务、评估操作和评估报告形成过程中，不受其它任何单位和个人的干预和影响。
第六条 资产评估执业人员在资料收集、调查、判断和意见表达时应当实事求是，不以主观好恶或个人偏见行事，不允许因成见或偏见影响评估结果的客观性。
第七条 资产评估执业人员在执行业务过程中，应诚实、正直、公平，不偏不倚地对待评估业务中有关各方，不以牺牲一方利益为条件而使另一方受益。
第八条 资产评估执业人员与委托单位存在以下利害关系时，应向所在的评估机构声明并实行回避：
1、曾在委托单位任职，离职后未满两年的；
2、持有委托单位股票、债券或在委托单位有其它经济利益的；
3、与委托单位的负责人和主管人员、董事或委托事项的当事人有近亲关系的；
4、其它为保持独立性而应回避的事项。
第九条 资产评估执业人员要廉洁自律，不得利用执业之便，谋取私利。
1、资产评估执业人员不得利用自己的身份、地位和执业中所掌握的委托单位的资料和情况为自己或所在的评估机构谋取私利。
2、不得以任何方式从委托单位接受或向委托单位索取贿赂和其它好处。
3、不得为了给本人或所在评估机构谋取不正当利益而接受委托单位的不合理要求，抬高或压低评估价值，出具不真实的评估报告。
第十条 资产评估执业人员对管理部门要求填报的情况，应如实填报，不得弄虚作假。
第三章 执业能力和执业规则
第十一条 资产评估执业人员应具备资产评估及相关专业知识和资产评估实践经验，并应按规定接受继续，教育，充实和更新业务知识，提高评估技能。
协助执行资产评估业务的其他人员也应具有一定的评估专业知识。
第十二条 资产评估执业人员应熟悉和掌握国家有关政策和法规、行业管理制度及有关技术标准，注意收集与资产评估有关的业务信息，以提供完善服务。
第十三条 资产评估执业人员在执行业务时，应严肃认真，采用恰当科学的评估方法，按照法定的评估程序，完成承接的资产评估业务，履行资产评估协议书中规定的各项职责。
第十四条 资产评估执业人员对资产评估结果和撰写的评估报告书必须提供可靠、充实的依据，财产核实、实地勘查、技术鉴定、评定估算等评估过程均应形成文字工作底稿，采用的数据信息资料均应注明来源渠道。
第十五条 资产评估执业人员不得利用广告、新闻等手段做夸张、虚假以及容易引起误解的宣传。
资产评估执业人员在本行业中应团结合作，不得以不正当手段损害同行的专业信誉。
第十六条 资产评估机构与委托单位在承接和委托业务上，应实行双向选择。资产评估执业人员应以良好的服务质量赢得客户，而不得以任何方式限制、利诱或干预委托单位对资产评估机构的选择，也不得采取回扣、提成、压价竞争和抬高自己贬低他人等不正当手段招揽业务。
第十七条 资产评估执业人员承接业务，均应由所在，评估机构统一受理。不得以个人名义接受委托，承办业务。
第十八条 资产评估执业人员不得允许其他人用本人名义接受委托，承办业务，也不得为其他人的评估结果签字盖章。
第十九条 资产评估执业人员有权要求委托单位提供执行评估业务所需的资料。由于委托单位不提供资料或提供资料不全面、不真实，造成评估结果失实的，资产评估执业人员不承担相应责任。
第二十条 资产评估执业人员对于委托单位提供的数据资料和评估结果，应当严格保守秘密，除非得到委托单位的书面允许或依法律、法规要求公布的，不得将任何资料和情况提供或泄露给第三者。
第二十一条 协助执行资产评估业务的其他人员对所接受的评估工作向其协助执行业务的资产评估机构承担相应责任。
第四章 附 则
第二十二条 资产评估执业人员违反本守则，由中国资产评估协会视其情节轻重，给予警告、通报批评、暂停执业直至取消执业资格等处罚。触犯法律的，依有关法律追究责任。
第二十三条 中国资产评估协会会同有关部门负责监督检查本守则执行情况。
第二十四条 本守则由中国资产评估协会负责解释。
第二十五条 本守则自发布之日起执行。
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海关对我出国人员进出境行李物品的管理规定(附英文)
海关对我出国人员进出境行李物品的管理规定(附英文)
（一九八九年八月二十八日国务院批准
第一条 为了照顾国家派往国外工作、学习人员（以下简称出国人员）的合理需要，加强对国家限制进口物品的管理，特制定本规定。
第二条 出国人员进出境携带的行李物品以自用合理数量为限。出国人员进境时携带的行李物品，在本规定附件《出国人员带进物品限量表》（以下简称《限量表》）规定的品种、数量内给予免税。出国人员在外工作、学习每满六个月（180天）的，准予免税带进《限量表》第四、五项物品各一件，最多连续免税四年，其中经援人员和承包劳务人员不受最高连续免税年限限制。临时出国人员在外不满六个月（180天）的，每公历年首次进境准予征税带进《限量表》第四、五项物品各一件。
第三条 本规定所称“长期出国人员”是指因公连续在国外工作、学习一年以上的人员。“经援人员”是指执行政府间对外经济技术等援助协议的长期出国人员。“承包劳务人员”是指经国务院或经贸部批准，有权经营对外承包劳务业务的公司，为执行与外商签订的劳务或承包工程合同，所派出的持因公普通护照的各种工程技术、管理人员及各工种人员。“临时出国人员”是指因公临时派往国外工作、学习不满一年的各类人员。
第四条 长期出国人员，由海关发给《进口免税物品登记证》（以下简称《登记证》）。进境时由长期出国人员本人（包括免验人员）将所带物品填报在《登记证》上，以便海关查验核放。《登记证》的发放范围，由海关从严掌握。
第五条 长期出国人员托出国人员带进《限量表》第四、五项所列物品，海关凭我驻外机构开具的《托带物品证明》和物品所有人的《登记证》登记核放，并计算在本人携带免税物品限量内，超出限量的不准托带进口。
第六条 出国人员在国内指定供应出国人员外汇商品的单位购买物品需持护照，所购物品计算在本人征免税限量内。
第七条 出国人员用个人所得外汇, 为本单位购买的科研、教学专业用品（不包括一般家用电器，如电视机、录音机等），应由司局级以上（含司局级）单位出具证明，经海关核准后免税放行。不属于以上范围的物品，应按规定缴纳进口税。
第八条 出国人员不得接受外籍人、华侨、港澳同胞、台湾同胞委托带进或带出的物品，也不得委托他们带进物品。
第九条 出国人员进出境不得携带国家规定禁止进出境的物品。
第十条 出国人员应遵守本规定及其它有关规定，认真履行海关手续。经海关免税放行的自用物品需出售时，应售给经批准经营外货的国营商业部门。
第十一条 经批准前往香港、澳门地区工作的人员携带进境的物品，也按本规定办理，但不得托带物品进境。
第十二条 本规定自一九八九年九月十日起实施。
附：出国人员带进物品限量表
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 品 名 | 数 量 |
|----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|一、食品、衣料、衣着、工艺美术品、| |
| 普通手表和价值人民币二百元 | 限合理数量 |
| （含二百元）以下的其它生活用 | |
| 品 | |
|----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|二、香烟 | 400支 |
| 或雪茄 | 100支 |
| 或烟丝 | 500克 |
|----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|三、12度以上酒精饮料 |2瓶（每瓶限0．75升） |
|----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|四、电视机、洗衣机、电冰箱、照像 | 出国人员：在外每满六个月（180|
| 机、录像机、组合音响、收录音 |天）任选一件免税，最多连续免税四年 |
| 机、摩托车和价值在人民币五百 | |
| 元上、一千元（含一千元）以下 | 经援和承包劳务人员：每满六个月 |
| 的其它生活用品 |（180天）任选一件免税 |
| | 不满六个月的临时出国人员：每公历|
| |年内首次进境任选一件征税 |
|----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|五、普通电子琴、普通照像机、打字 | 出国人员：在外每满六个月（180|
| 机和价值在人民币二百元以上、 |天）任选一件免税，最多连续免税四年 |
| 五百元（含五百元）以下的其它 | |
| 生活用品 | 经援和承包劳务人员：每满六个月 |
| |（180天）任选一件免税 |
| | 不满六个月的临时出国人员：每公 |
| |历年内首次进境任选一件征税 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
注：一、物品价值按到岸价格核定。
二、本表第四、五项所列各种物品一年内同一品种不得重复带进。
三、临时出国人员多次出国在外时间不得累计计算。
(附英文)
PROVISIONS OF THE CUSTOMS ON THE CONTROL OF LUGGAGE AND ARTICLESCARRIED BY CHINESE PERSONNEL ENTERING AND LEAVING THE COUNTRY
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE CUSTOMS ON THE CONTROL OF LUGGAGE AND ARTICLES
CARRIED BY CHINESE PERSONNEL ENTERING AND LEAVING THE COUNTRY
(Approved by the State Council on August 28, 1989 and promulgated
by the General Customs Administration on September 6, 1989)
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated in order to show consideration for the
reasonable needs of the personnel sent abroad by the State to work or
study (hereinafter referred to as "the personnel going abroad"), and to
strengthen the control of articles the importation of which is restricted
by the State.
Article 2
The luggage and articles carried by the personnel entering or leaving the
country shall be restricted to those for personal use and within
reasonable quantities. The personnel going abroad, while entering the
country, shall be given the preferential treatment of exemption from duty
for the luggage and articles they carry along that belong to the varieties
and within the quantities stipulated in the Table of Restricted Quantities
for Articles to be Carried into the Country by the Personnel Going Abroad,
attached to these Provisions as an appendix (hereinafter referred to as
"the Table of Restricted Quantities"). The personnel going abroad, who
have worked or studied abroad, for every 6 months (i.e. 180 days), shall
be permitted to carry into the country duty-free two articles - one
article each from Category 4 and Category 5, as listed in the Table of
Restricted Quantities; the aforesaid personnel going abroad are permitted
to enjoy the said preferential treatment for four successive years at
most. This time limit, however, does not apply to the personnel sent
abroad to carry out an economic-aid program or to fulfil a labour
contract. With respect to personnel temporarily going abroad, who stay
abroad for less than 6 months (i.e. 180 days), they shall be permitted to
carry into the country, after paying the duty, two articles - one article
each from Category 4 and Category 5, as listed in the Table of Restricted
Quantities, when they enter the country for the first time in a year in
terms of the Gregorian calendar.
Article 3
The term "personnel going abroad on a long-term basis", as used in these
Provisions, refers to such personnel who are sent out by the State to work
or study abroad for a period of more than one year. The term "personnel
sent abroad to carry out an economic-and program" refers to such personnel
who are sent to work abroad on a long-term basis to carry out an economic
and technological aid program signed between two governments. The term
"personnel sent abroad to fulfil a labour contract" refers to such
technical, engineering, and administrative personnel who are sent abroad,
holding ordinary passports issued to citizens going abroad on public
business, to fulfil a labour or construction contract, signed with foreign
businessmen by a company vested with the right to manage external
contracting and labour business with the approval of the State Council or
of the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade. The term
"personnel temporarily going abroad" refers to various categories of
personnel, who are sent, temporarily, by the State to work abroad or study
for a period of less than one year.
Article 4
With respect to personnel going abroad on a long-term basis, the Customs
shall issue to them "Registration Certificate for Duty-free Imported
Articles" (hereinafter referred to as "the Registration Certificate").
While entering the country, the personnel going abroad on a long-term
basis (including those who are exempted from inspection) shall declare at
the Customs by filling in the Registration Certificate the articles they
carry along, so that the Customs may give clearance after inspection and
verification. The Customs shall strictly control the scope of issuance of
the Registration Certificates.
Article 5
In case the personnel going abroad on a long-term basis ask other
personnel going abroad to carry into the country articles under Categories
4 and 5, as listed in the Table of Restricted Quantities, the Customs
shall give clearance after examining "Certification for Carrying Articles
by Entrustment" issued by a Chinese organ abroad and the Registration
Certificate of owners of the said articles, and the said articles shall be
counted in the restricted quantity of duty-free articles carried into the
country by the owners themselves. Articles that exceed the restricted
quantity are not permitted to be carried into the country by entrustment.
Article 6
In case the personnel going abroad buy articles at a unit in the country
designated by the State to provide the personnel going abroad with goods
paid for in foreign exchange, they shall present their passports, and the
articles bought shall be counted in their restricted quantity of duty-free
articles.
Article 7
In case the personnel going abroad use their own foreign exchange earnings
to buy, for their work-unit, equipment and articles for scientific
research and teaching (not including such general household electrical
appliances as TV sets, tape recorders, etc.), such equipment and articles
shall be exempted from duty and the Customs shall give clearance after it
has examined and verified the certification issued by a government organ
at the department/bureau level or higher. Import duties shall be levied on
articles not belonging to the aforesaid categories in accordance with the
pertinent provisions.
Article 8
The personnel going abroad must not accept articles to be brought into or
out of the country as entrusted by persons of foreign nationalities,
overseas Chinese, and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan;
neither shall they entrust the aforesaid people with the carrying of
articles into the country.
Article 9
The personnel going abroad, while entering or leaving the country, must
not carry articles the import and export of which are forbidden by the
State.
Article 10
The personnel going abroad shall comply with these Provisions and other
pertinent provisions, and go through the Customs procedures
conscientiously. In the event that they wish to sell their personal
articles which have been given Customs clearance duty-free, they shall
sell them to a State-run commercial department that is authorized by the
State to handle foreign goods.
Article 11
Personnel who are approved to go to work in the regions of Hong Kong and
Macao shall go through the procedures also in accordance with these
Provisions when they carry articles into the country; but they must not
ask other people to carry articles for them into the country.
Article 12
These Provisions shall go into effect on September 10, 1989.
Appendix:
Table of Restricted Quantities for Articles to Be Carried into the Country
by the Personnel Going Abroad
|============================================|=============================================|
|Name of Articles |Quantity |
|============================================|=============================================|
|1. Foodstuffs, dress materials, garments, | |
| arts and crafts, ordinary watches, and | |
| other articles for daily use which cost |within reasonable quantities |
| RMB 200 yuan or less (including RMB | |
| 200 yuan) | |
|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
|2. Cigarettes |400 cigarettes |
| or cigars, |100 cigars |
| or pipe tobacco |500 grams |
|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
|3. Alcoholic beverages: |2 bottles, each bottle contains no more |
| with alcoholic content 12% or higher |than 0.75 liter |
|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
|4. TV sets, washing machines, refriger- |Personnel going abroad: for every 6 |
| ators, cameras, video cassette |months (180 days), may choose one of |
| recorders, stereo sound systems, radio |them, duty-free, and enjoy this |
| and tape recorders, motorcycles, and |preferential treatment of duty-exemption |
| articles for daily use which cost |for four successive years at most. |
| between RMB 500 - 1,000 (inclusive | |
| yuan |Personnel sent abroad to carry out an |
| |economic-aid program and personnel |
| |sent abroad to fulfil a labour contract: for |
| |every 6 months (180 days), may choose |
| |one of them, duty-free. |
| | |
| |Temporary personnel going abroad: for |
| |less than 6 months, first entry in every |
| |solar year, choose one and pay duty. |
|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
|5. Ordinary electronic organs, ordinary |Personnel going abroad: for every 6 |
| cameras, typewriters, and other articles |months (180 days), may choose one of |
| for daily use which cost between RMB |them, duty-free, and enjoy this |
| 200 - 500 (inclusive) yuan |preferential treatment of duty-exemption |
| |for four successive years at most. |
| | |
| |Personnel sent abroad to carry out an |
| |economic-aid program and personnel |
| |sent abroad to fulfil a labour contract: for |
| |every 6 months (180 days), may choose |
| |one of them, duty-free. |
| | |
| |Temporary personnel going abroad: for |
| |less than 6 months, first entry in every |
| |solar year, choose one and pay duty. |
|============================================|=============================================|
Notes:
[*1] The value of the aforesaid articles shall be appraised in accordance
with C.I.F. [*2] None of the articles listed in Category 4 and Category 5
of this Table shall be chosen a second time in the same year.
[*3] In case the temporary personnel are sent abroad many times, their
duration of stay abroad on different occasions shall not be added up to
obtain an accumulative total.
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国家发展改革委、国家广电总局印发《有线电视基本收视维护费管理暂行办法》
2004-12-2
为规范有线电视网络经营者的价格行为，维护有线电视用户和有线电视网络经营者的合法权益，国家发展改革委、国家广电总局近日印发了《有线电视基本收视维护费管理暂行办法》(发改价格〔2004〕2787号)。该办法对有线电视基本收视维护费的收费性质、收费标准的制定、制定和调整有线电视基本收视维护费应遵循原则和依据等方面作了详细的规定，将于2005年1月1日起开始执行。
附：有线电视基本收视维护费管理暂行办法
第一条 为规范有线电视网络经营者的价格行为,维护有线电视用户和有线电视网络经营者的合法权益,根据《中华人民共和国价格法》、《广播电视管理条例》等国家有关规定,制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于有线电视网络经营者和有线电视用户的价格行为。
有线电视网络经营者是指依据《广播电视管理条例》，由国家或省级广播电视行政部门批准从事广播电视传送业务且拥有有线电视分配网和有线电视用户资源的有线电视网络传输公司或单位。
第三条 有线电视基本收视维护费实行政府定价,收费标准由价格主管部门制定。
第四条 有线电视基本收视维护费是有线电视网络经营者通过电缆、光缆等方式,向有线电视用户提供经国家广播电视行政部门批准的基本收视频道传送服务,按价格主管部门制定的收费标准向用户收取的费用。
第五条 有线电视网络经营者对用户遵循入网自愿、退网自由的原则。
第六条 有线电视网络经营者应按照国家广播电视行政部门制定的有线电视服务标准和规范向有线电视用户提供服务。
第七条 制定或调整有线电视基本收视维护费收费标准,可由有线电视网络经营者向价格主管部门提出书面申请。
第八条 建议制定或调整有线电视基本收视维护费收费标准应提供以下材料:
(一)制定或调整收费标准的理由、水平(幅度)和调整后的收费增减额;
(二)制定或调整收费标准对有线电视用户的影响;
(三)制定或调整收费标准的相关数据资料,包括财务决算报表和近三年来服务成本的变化情况;
(四)其他相关材料。
申请人提供的材料应当真实有效。
第九条 制定或调整有线电视基本收视维护费收费标准应遵循以下原则:
(一)公平、公正、公开、效率的原则;
(二)服务成本与社会承受能力相结合的原则;
(三)促进有线电视网络可持续发展的原则。
第十条 有线电视基本收视维护费依据有线电视网络运营的合理成本加合理利润和税金制定;对于尚未实行企业化的有线电视网络经营者,按照补偿有线电视网络合理支出和税金的原则制定。
第十一条 有线电视网络经营者采用新技术,应充分考虑技术的可行性，并与当地的经济发展水平和社会承受能力相适应。
有线电视网络经营者采用新技术和提高服务质量导致经营成本或支出发生明显变化的,可以申请调整有线电视基本收视维护费的收费标准。因采用新技术和提高服务质量需要调整有线电视基本收视维护费收费标准,有线电视网络经营者应采取妥善过渡措施保护有线电视用户的权益。
第十二条 制定或调整有线电视基本收视维护费收费标准应执行《政府价格决策听证办法》和《政府制定价格行为规则 (试行)》有关规定。
第十三条 对低收入用户可酌情减免有线电视基本收视维护费。具体减免范围和办法由地方价格主管部门会同广播电视行政部门制定。
第十四条 有线电视用户应按时缴费。对于不缴费或不按时缴费的用户,有线电视网络经管者可以停止或暂停服务。
第十五条 有线电视网络经营者应当在有线电视基本收视维护费新的收费标准执行十个工作日前,通过新闻媒体等多种形式将有线电视基本收视维护费调整的理由和收费标准告知有线电视用户,并做好宣传服务工作。
第十六条 有线电视网络经营者收取有线电视基本收视维护费应使用税务发票或其他合法的收费凭证。
第十七条 有线电视网络经营者应建立、健全成本核算制度,接受价格主管部门的成本调查。
第十八条 有线电视网络经营者违反规定擅自制定或调整基本收视维护费标准的、价格主管部门依据《价格法》、《价格违法行为行政处罚规定》等有关规定,实施行政处罚。
第十九条 本办法由国家发展和改革委员会负责解释。
第二十条 本办法自2005年1月1日起执行。
